This week, cannabis industry advocates were closely watching to see if the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) would be used as a vehicle to advance legislation on cannabis banking reforms such as the Safe Banking Act or Safe Plus.
This pathway seems all but closed after legacy remarks from Republican Senator Mitch McConnellof Kentucky came back to the surface. Committee consideration of the large-scale defense bill was delayed amid disagreements among House lawmakers over several key issues. At the same time, several senior GOP senators filed concerns with the Department of Justice about the possibility of cannabis banking reforms.
In this column, we’ve indicated for several weeks that the current lame-duck session is the best chance for D.C. to pass federal banking reform via either SAFE or SAFE Plus. However, the winds of The District’s power circles shift quickly. Even as the odds are the best we have seen for cannabis, there are still so many other factors at work. The cannabis industry needs ongoing political initiatives, “horse trading” and other factors to fall in its favor. This year the cannabis industry has made real progress in D.C., and it would be a shame to see a repeat of last year when SAFE was removed from the legislation. There are other pathways to cannabis banking reform, and we will see what possibilities materialize next outside of the NDAA.
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Cannabis Stocks Rise on Reform HopesU.S. cannabis operators and cannabis exchange-traded funds (ETFs) made gains with the growing anticipation of federal reform. In terms of marijuana stocks, Green Thumb Industries (GTBIF (opens in new tab)), Curaleaf Holdings (CURLF (opens in new tab)), Trulieve Cannabis (TCNNF (opens in new tab)), Cresco Labs (CRLBF (opens in new tab)) and subsequent ETFs with those as primary holdings were each up as of Monday morning.
Those gains have retraced after it seems clear that SAFE was removed from the NDAA. Continued efforts from Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-New York) continued efforts to pass two cannabis bills – the SAFE Banking Act and the HOPE Act – before the holidays provided a brief boost in the marketplace, similar to other recent news on federal reforms.
This new potential direction would be a welcome change after a brutal, almost two-year-long bear market for cannabis. The moves off the 52-week lows had been impressive in percentage gains. We saw another reversal mid-week as investors and traders quickly sold.
This political theater is likely going to continue for a few more weeks, which is wearing thin on cannabis public market sentiment and there is risk of increased volatility until there is clarity. When former Attorney General Jeff Sessions rescinded the Cole Memo, the only existing federal guidelines for cannabis, capital markets were heavily impacted and saw limited trading access, custody, participation, and more.
Each time we get close to federal reform, stocks rise as the market wants to see this change and the potential benefits gained. Many large operators have mostly found ways around banking issues, but getting cash into the banking system, removing capital market restrictions and the ability for stocks to list on major exchanges could produce a big lift for the industry.
The End of Cashless ATM Payments at DispensariesThere has been a wave of cashless ATM crackdowns on the doorstep of potential federal banking reform. Cashless ATMs allowed consumers to use a debit card at dispensaries instead of cash. The payment method mimics a typical ATM exchange to get around the federal illegality of cannabis transactions. This year, nearly $7 billion was moved past the usual money-laundering controls of the U.S. banking system. We understand this cleanup has been underway for a while, but so has the progression of federal banking reform.
Previously, it was very common for providers to have ATMs onsite and set up payments via debit at cannabis retailers. ATMs were a revenue source for both the providers and the retailers and a means of offering a more normalized customer experience since traditional credit card transactions were unavailable. The cashless ATM payment method has been turned off for now and possibly for good.
We expect a short-term disruption for retailers, as it is estimated that 25% of transactions in the $26 billion U.S. industry, per Headset data (opens in new tab), were done this way. Assuming federal reform passes, there will likely be a gap in time before traditional payment platforms for Visa (V (opens in new tab)) or Mastercard (MA (opens in new tab)) can participate in cannabis. If federal banking reform does end up passing in the lame-duck session, major financial institutions may begin participating in cannabis by Q2 next year. Otherwise, the onus remains on the industry to navigate forward as we have been doing all along.
President Biden Signs Medical Marijuana Research Expansion ActThe final months of 2022 have been historic for the continued progress of U.S. cannabis. President Joe Biden has signed the Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act, marking the first time an American president has signed cannabis-specific reform legislation into law. The bill makes it easier for researchers to study the plant and calls for the federal government to look into the potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis with a rescheduling review in mind.
We were excited to see this bill work its way through the House and quickly through the Senate because it was a simple piece of legislation. Simple seems to work in D.C. when you have bipartisan support. Many in the industry want to see more, but this is a great starting point for increasing the U.S. government’s understanding of the plant. This could be one of the most underappreciated gains our industry has seen, and we expect its importance to gain attention in the years to come.